U.S. Constitution

U.S. Constitution
The foundation of the United States of America

29 March 2017

Privacy, schmivacy!

Diogenes is a very private person. He doesn't advertise his whereabouts, what he's been up to besides writing this blog, and he certainly would never think of publicizing the nature of his meals. So imagine his outrage at seeing this headline from yesterday's online Washington Post: "The House just voted to wipe away the FCC’s landmark Internet privacy protections." You really should read this. Here's the link: 

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2017/03/28/the-house-just-voted-to-wipe-out-the-fccs-landmark-internet-privacy-protections/?utm_term=.283df2f8db45&wpisrc=al_alert-COMBO-econ%252Bpolitics%252Bnation&wpmk=1

Yeah, it's insanely long, so cut and paste. The story includes a short video on ways to protect you and your devices.

And just in case you're sure you have some unalienable right to privacy, you don't. Dio doesn't often turn to Wikipedia for information, but here's the link to an excellent article on the legal status of privacy:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_privacy

The House has voted, and the Great Pretender will no doubt rubber stamp it, a measure that will, according to the Post, [free]  "Internet service providers such as Verizon, AT&T and Comcast of protections approved just last year that had sought to limit what companies could do with information such as customer browsing habits, app usage history, location data and Social Security numbers. The rules also had required providers to strengthen safeguards for customer data against hackers and thieves."

This means that your Internet service provider will be able to collect and sell, if they desire, your browsing habits and whatever other personal information may be embedded, which could include your Social Security number, bank card number and other sensitive information..

Diogenes says again: "Contact your senators and representatives to let them know you find actions such as these unacceptable, and insist that they take some action to rein in this irresponsible president and his minions." Do it now, do it tomorrow and the next day, flood mailboxes and email in their offices until they hear you. Do it if you value your privacy. Do it!

--Richard Brown

27 March 2017

Business as Usual?

We've all probably heard someone say that government should be run more like a business. Be careful what you wish for, because we could be right on the cusp.

When Diogenes heard that the Great Pretender had appointed his billionaire son-in-law Jared Kushner to head his new White House Office of American Innovation, his only comment was, "What took him so long?" The OAI, as it will no doubt be called, will be generally charged with fixing "government stagnation," and will be staffed mostly with fat-cat corporate types.

Anyone who was pleased with the Supreme Court's risible Citizens United decision will be turning cartwheels of joy over this breach in the dike of federal regulation. It remains to be seen how this new office, which may be given virtually unlimited power over the structure of government, will function, but you can be sure a lot of agencies will get pink-slipped and that the DC unemployment lines will grow longer.

The federal government has always viewed American big business with an uneasy eye. True, Calvin Coolidge famously said, "The business of America is business," but he tempered that by pointing out that he was referring to the general industriousness of the American people.

Other presidents have been less charitable, from Thomas Jefferson, who said, "I hope we shall crush in its birth the aristocracy of our monied corporations which dare already to challenge our government to a trial by strength, and bid defiance to the laws of our country," to Dwight Eisenhower, who warned, "In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist."

Because of these concerns the federal government has developed agencies whose business is to regulate business. Not because government automatically distrusts all business, but because, as Barack Obama pointed out, "In the absence of sound oversight, responsible businesses are forced to compete against unscrupulous and underhanded businesses, who are unencumbered by any restrictions on activities that might harm the environment, or take advantage of middle-class families, or threaten to bring down the entire financial system."

And Don John and his pal Jared are about to let the foxes run the henhouse.

--Richard Brown


23 March 2017

Where's the rottenness?

Yesterday Diogenes was contemplating the nature of government, and wondering exactly what one might do to overthrow one. Governments, we learned, exist in the realms of ideas, organizations and actors. So where does one start?

Let's consider the top level, the idea on which a government is founded. How does one overthrow an idea? The short answer is, it can't be done. Of the major revolutions in history, only one put a slight dent in the former philosophy: The French Revolution proved the Divine Right of Kings to be so much hooey, although it took a while to die a long-overdue death in the rest of Europe.

Philosophies of governing, once put into practice, have a way of hanging around as ideas, legends and folk tales, and can re-emerge at any time, if conditions are right for a change. But whether a change is made from a monarchy to a republic, from a republic to an autocracy, or from autocracy to democracy, the underlying ideas never fade away. They may be temporarily silenced, but they are essentially eternal as long as there are minds to consider them.*

So might it be easier to dump the organization of government? Well, maybe, but again, where to start? The American Revolution did overthrow the mechanism of the British colonial government, replacing it with the mechanism spelled out in the Constitution, but when you get right down to it, all government systems that aren't pure autocracies look pretty much the same: A head of state at the top, who delegates authority to a group of secretaries or ministers, and in most contemporary governments does so in concert with a parliamentary body, most of whom are elected by the governed populace.

Trying to dislodge a government at its ideational or bureaucratic level seems fruitless, then. And why strike at those levels anyway? Even if a philosophy of government seems inherently evil, the idea itself is immutable; it's the physical manifestation of it that must change, and that is not to say the bureaucratic structure occupied by the minions of the head of state, but the very head itself. Only by decapitating the beast of bad government, or in modern parlance administration, can real change be effected.

In "Hamlet," Shakespeare has Marcellus say "Something is rotten in the state of Denmark." The use of the phrase "the state of Denmark," rather than just naming the country, indicates that the rottenness lies in the state, that is in the head of state, Claudius the king. And in 1859 Abraham Lincoln pointed out that while the American people have the right to overturn the government, they should aim "not to overthrow the Constitution, but to overthrow the men who pervert it —"

Diogenes confesses that he knew all along this would be the answer, but, not wanting to leap to a conclusion, he felt the intellectual exercise was necessary to clarify and direct his thoughts on the matter--and he is now certain where the rottenness, the heart of darkness lies: at the head of the federal administration, in the person the Huffington Post called the "Most Corrupt POTUS. Ever."

"Now we are certain of the core of the problem," said Diogenes. "Now we know where to strike."

--Richard Brown

*For an entertaining read about the permanence of ideas, check out "The Stars, Like Dust," by Isaac Asimov.

22 March 2017

Government is . . . what?

I wouldn't want to say he's obsessed by the notion of government overthrow, but Diogenes has definitely been thinking about it a lot lately. All theoretical, he claims, and with no action contemplated, but still . . .

No--there's no way the old fellow would dive into such a daunting--not to say dangerous--project. What has been puzzling Diogenes regarding the overthrow of government is the question of just what government is. But you know that, don't you? So did we, until we really started thinking about it.

Diving into our store of dictionaries, we quickly discovered that the word "government" has a lot of interpretations. The definitions were pretty similar across several publications, and we settled on the Merriam-Webster version because it's the clearest.

Generally speaking, a government can be a theory of control or authority, a construct created for the purpose of implementing such a theory, or a group of people who exercise the control.

From Webster, we have "The organization, machinery, or agency through which a political unit exercises authority and performs functions;" and, "The complex of political institutions, laws, and customs through which the function of governing is carried out;" and, "The body of persons that constitutes the governing authority of a political unit or organization: such as the officials comprising the governing body of a political unit and constituting the organization as an active agency."

Now if the "what" of government is complex, the "why" of tossing one over isn't. Why do we seek to rid ourselves of anything? Because we don't like it.

Historically, government overthrow or major reform has usually been a matter of seeking more liberty or justice: The Magna Carta, the American and French revolutions. Russia's Bolshevik Revolution was headed in the same general direction, but was overtaken by despots. And there are examples of an overthrow going the opposite way: The Nazi takeover of Germany, for example, which replaced a constitutional republican form of government with a tyrannic autocracy.

So if one seeks to overthrow a government, preferably in the laudable direction of increased rights, justice and freedom, what level would one aim to bring down--the conceptual, the bureaucratic or the manifest? That's the question for next time.


 
 

18 March 2017

Yawp!

Diogenes understands Walt Whitman and his need to send his "barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world."

Voices that believe in a cause can't be silenced, even by their owners. When there is rottenness in the world it must be called out. There is nothing more rotten in the world at this time than the Trump presidency, and Diogenes' voice has to speak. And if no one hears or listens? The words are out there, forever zipping through cyberspace, and perhaps they'll have an effect. If not, at least they've been spoken. Dio realizes this is odd reasoning, but is also aware that if he doesn't utter those words he will lose his self-respect. Someone will hear. Someone always does.

Diogenes has been contemplating government. Writers through the ages have considered the question of how government, i.e. those with power, should best treat the governed, i.e. those without power.

History indicates that those governments that do not treat their citizens fairly and humanely frequently come under attack. The length of time a government may be in power is not a measure of its stability. Ruthless governments unafraid of using their strength can last a long time--witness Rome. But ultimately they fall, either due to attack from outside forces or internal rebellion or from their own rotten core.

Diogenes cannot believe the American people will allow the Trump administration to continue even one term. Why? Consider this note jotted down by Abraham Lincoln in preparation for some speeches he was making in 1859: "The people — are the rightful masters of both Congresses, and courts — not to overthrow the Constitution, but to overthrow the men who pervert it."  

And this, from Lincoln's first inauguration address, March 4, 1861: "This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing Government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it."

Food for thought.

--Richard Brown 


15 March 2017

Hiatus

Diogenes has determined that this blog is not generating enough interest to warrant his continued work, so he will continue the struggle in another way.

Feel free to browse the archive to see what these posts are about, and if you would like to see this blog return, please leave a comment.

Keep up the fight.

13 March 2017

Maskirovka

During our power surge-enforced absence, Diogenes pondered the nature of today's news, particularly that dealing with the Great Pretender, and general events in Washington, particularly having to do with Congress.

Americans tend to ascribe more authority to the president than he actually has. The systems of checks and balances that keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful works well. The president can offer bills for consideration by Congress, can nominate people for federal office including the Supreme Court, and can declare war. But all these actions must be approved by Congress. In the final analysis, there are only two unilateral actions a president may take: Issue executive orders (which are nonetheless subject to judicial review), and launch a nuclear strike. The latter theoretically requires consultation with military authorities, but none of them have veto power.

But the president can and does attract attention, and Donald Trump is far and away the most attention-grabbing chief executive this nation has seen for a very long time. His antics draw ire or applause; his parade of beautiful family members attracts the fashion and social press while he keeps the newsies busy with his endless tweets, gaffes, missteps and outrageous statements.

But what of Congress--the news from there has not been silent, but with the president hogging all the spotlights, the boys and girls of Congress have been free to pursue their nefarious agenda. Congress is the real power in this administration, because the Republican majority finally has a president who will rubber-stamp the laws they want to make.

Diogenes suspects a maskirovka.

And what is that? you may well ask. "Maskirovka" means "disguise," and it was and is still at the heart of Soviet and Russian military policy. Like a magician's tricks, a maskirovka depends on confusion and misdirection. Camouflage, false intelligence, denial, disinformation, media manipulation and many other tools are used to completely surprise and overwhelm an opponent before that opponent has any idea what's going on.

So Diogenes suspects that the Trump family circus has been thrown at the media to shift attention away from Congress, which, if true, suggests that there are operatives in the Trump administration who are a lot smarter than we've been giving them credit for; or that Trump himself has learned more from Vlad Putin than anyone thought.

--Richard Brown

P.S.: For an informative and even entertaining look at how a maskirovka might work in the real world, check out Tom Clancy's "Red Storm Rising." It's dated, but still good.

09 March 2017

What makes a tyrant?

One definition of "tyrant" in the Merriam-Webster dictionary is "One resembling an oppressive ruler in the harsh use of authority or power."

Anyone who has had the misfortune to watch any of the execrable "Apprentice" television programs knows that Donald Trump uses his authority as a weapon. With his scowling game face and his use of scathing language he discards people like so much rubbish.

Tyrants like Trump flourish in the corporate world, where they can surround themselves with toadies and hold court in their own little autocracy, never hearing any opinion contrary to their own. Typically, such bullies have thin skins, no tolerance of disagreement, and nasty, often uncontrollable tempers.

The Great Pretender exhibits many of these behaviors. By definition the president cannot be an autocrat, but Trump does his best. To name a few instances, in no particular order:

--He issues arbitrary and sometimes self-contradictory orders, apparently on whims. Recently tours of the White House were resumed, but only for Americans. Visitors from other countries have to apply through their embassy. Didn't work for Great Britain, though. The State Department informed that embassy that rules regarding tours were "on hold."

--He fails to grasp the need for security. During a Feb. 11 dinner with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in a public restaurant Trump made phone calls and discussed classified information regarding a North Korean missile test as if it were dinner conversation.

--He does not respect the constitutional guarantee of a free press. Trump and his top aides regularly deny access to journalists they perceive as "enemies."

--He has no control over his anger. In "The dangerous rage of Donald Trump," The Washington Post reported on March 6 that "when Trump gets angry, he looks for a way to strike back. And he is willing to stretch — or break with — the truth to give himself a measure of satisfaction in that regard. . . .The trouble for Trump — and all of the rest of us — is that Trump is now president. And there are real-world consequences to both how angry he gets and how he chooses to blow off that steam. An angry call with the Australian prime minister, for example, has real-world implications. So does an open and aggressive attempt to disqualify the free and independent press. Or the accusation that your predecessor used the powers of the federal government to specifically target you.

Feel free to comment regarding your ideas of Trumpian tyranny.

--Richard Brown



08 March 2017

Why the Press?

The First Amendment to our Constitution guarantees freedoms that should be enjoyed by all people: The freedom to speak one's opinion; to worship openly according to one's beliefs; to assemble peaceably; and to have unhampered access to information.

Some people today, particularly those born into this age of instantaneous and ubiquitous information, may not be entirely sure what is meant by "Freedom of the [printing] press." Before 1920, when radio began its rapid expansion, the printed word was the only source of information widely available. Tyrants, that is almost every reigning monarch at least through the 18th century, were well aware of the need to control information lest their subjects begin to suspect the Crown was neither all good nor all powerful. Thus the ownership of printing presses in countries across Europe was tightly controlled, and illegal possession of a press could be punishable by severe penalties including death.

Persecution of the press came to this side of the Atlantic with British rule. Virginia Royal Governor William Berkeley said this in 1642: “I thank God, there are no free schools nor printing, and I hope we shall not have these hundred years; for learning has brought disobedience, and heresy, and sects into the world, and printing has divulged them, and libels against the best government. God keep us from both!”

Even after the First Amendment had been in force for many years, there were continued attempts to muzzle the press. The 14th Amendment, adopted in 1868, expanded the protections of the First by forbidding any state to make a law abridging freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, and gave us the concept that all Americans must receive equal justice under law.

Today we speak of the "media" rather than the "press," but the protections on the dissemination of information still obtain. We are well aware of press suppression elsewhere: In Nazi Germany; in Russia, during and after the Soviet period; in China; and in other places.

But here? Well--in 1972 President Richard Nixon made it clear to his national security advisers that "The press is the enemy." And from the current president, whose attention span is limited to 140 letters: "I have a running war with the media. They are among the most dishonest human beings on Earth."

But reason can be found in some odd places. Here's Sen. John McCain, last month: "But the fact is we need you, we need a free press, we must have it. It's vital if you want to preserve — I'm very serious now — if you want to preserve democracy as we know it, you have to have a free and many times adversarial press. And without it I'm afraid that we would lose so much of our individual liberties over time."

--Richard Brown

07 March 2017

"Democracy dies in darkness"

Diogenes is still away from his desk today, Tuesday, March 7, but invites you to comment on the Washington Post's new online slogan, which is today's title.

We're considering a number of thoughts about tyrants, tyranny and the best actions to take in a free society. Your thoughts in that regard would be welcome as well.

06 March 2017

Blog interrupted

No post today, Monday, 3/6. It seems life intrudes on even the most noble causes. Check in tomorrow. Meanwhile, I invite you to copy and paste the absurdly long link below into your address window to read some interesting information about the Great Pretender.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-trumps-fury-the-president-rages-at-leaks-setbacks-and-accusations/2017/03/05/40713af4-01df-11e7-ad5b-d22680e18d10_story.html?tid=pm_politics_pop&utm_term=.50042144c44b

05 March 2017

The American Press

"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances." First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, 1791


"Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference, and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers." 1948 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights

"Well, in England they have a system where you can actually sue if someone says something wrong. Our press is allowed to say whatever they want and get away with it. And I think we should go to a system where if they do something wrong. . . . if they make terrible, terrible mistakes and those mistakes are made on purpose to injure people, . . . I think you should have the ability to sue them." Donald Trump, CBS4, October 23, 2016

If that last quote doesn't scare you, you might want to consider just how much you personally value the freedoms you have as an American.

The Great Pretender and his staff are making concerted efforts to limit, if not do away with, press coverage of the White House and of the president. Trump and press secretary Sean Spicer are working to limit White House access to members of the media who are friendly to the president and his administration.

Spicer is openly hostile to media representatives; Trump has called them "scum." Spicer's obvious lies, misrepresentations, distortions and press bashing have begun to rival those of Joseph Goebbels. I do not say that lightly. Administration behavior toward the media is deeply disturbing.

Trump was wrong when he said the press can "say whatever they want and get away with it." The media is covered by strict libel laws and can be sued, but only if the plaintiff can prove actual malicious intent. As journalists say, "If it's true it's not libel."

Trump has threatened to use litigation as a weapon, intending to flood the courts with frivolous libel suits as a means of blocking media access. My personal belief is that these actions are unconstitutional under the First Amendment, but the Constitution's language forbids only Congress from interfering with the press--apparently it never occurred to the Framers that a president might do so.

If limitation of press freedom doesn't bother you, then keep in mind that the First Amendment is a bundle, protecting not only freedom of the press, but also of religion, speech, assembly and redress of grievances against the government.

Which one will be challenged next?

--Richard Brown




04 March 2017

The February 28 address to Congress


Where was Donald Trump and who was speaking in his place on February 28?
 
This was not the mercurial shoot-from-the-hip bad boy of the GOP we all came to know during the campaign, but a calm and composed man who spoke reasonably, delivering a message of hope and proclaiming yet once again that he will make America great—again.


The smoothness of his delivery was primarily due to the simple fact that he was working from a script, from which he only slightly deviated, throwing in a few ad libs. At times it was clear he was reading, but for the most part his presentation was polished.

In all fairness, it must be said that the address was well crafted and effective. It has been reported that Trump himself did most of the writing with help and advice from family members and staff. However, since it was also said that he wrote his inauguration speech—a claim since proven untrue—we would do best to take the claim of his authorship with a grain of salt.

Strategically, it was the perfect speech for Trump to give—hitting all the right buttons and playing to an audience less interested in policy and facts than in feel-good rhetoric. Which is why it sounded a lot like sound bites from the campaign dusted off, prettied up and made ready for prime time. He knows what his audience likes and keeps giving it to them and it doesn’t matter that we’ve heard most of it before—ad nauseam.

The Great Pretender continues to inflate, overstate, embellish and rely on partial truth and skewed contexts. There are several online sites where Trump’s factoids and misstatements are tested against the truth, and I urge you to look at them. Any Google search containing “Trump” and “fact check” will net you at least a handful.

Here are just a few examples drawn from the Feb. 28 speech and checked by the New York Times. I chose the site randomly.

Trump: “We've lost more than one-fourth of our manufacturing jobs since NAFTA was approved, . . .”

Fact: “The United States has lost a lot of factory jobs since 2000, but the biggest reason is technological progress, not foreign competition. America's manufacturing output is at the highest level in history — it just doesn't take as many workers to make stuff anymore. Some jobs have been lost to foreign competition, but studies assign a modest role to Nafta.” –Benyamin Appelbaum

Trump: “We have cleared the way for the construction of the Keystone and Dakota Access Pipelines -- thereby creating tens of thousands of jobs --. . .”

Fact: (He should have said “temporary jobs). “A 2014 State Department environmental review estimated that Keystone would support 42,000 temporary jobs over its two-year construction period — about 3,900 of them in construction, the rest in indirect support jobs, such as food service. It estimated that Keystone would create about 35 permanent jobs.” –Coral Davenport

Trump: “I have ordered the Department of Homeland Security to create an office to serve American Victims. The office is called VOICE --- Victims Of Immigration Crime Engagement. We are providing a voice to those who have been ignored by our media, and silenced by special interests.”

Fact: “The individuals killed by undocumented immigrants mentioned by President Trump in his speech received widespread coverage in local newspapers and on television. For example, the death of Jamiel Shaw Jr., who was shot and killed in 2008 in Los Angeles, was widely covered by The Los Angeles Times and local television stations.” –Ron Nixon

That last one is an instance of shameless exploitation and a cruel trick played on family members of those killed who were in the audience.

It’s been said that we are now, largely due to the Great Pretender, in a post-factual world. But the truth is out there, and we owe it to ourselves to keep seeking it.

--Richard Brown


   



 

03 March 2017

Tempus fugit

In the course of seeking truth, Diogenes has misplaced a day, thinking Friday was Thursday.

My scheduled tasks today will preclude putting up a new message. The one concerning Trump's February 28 address to Congress will appear Saturday, March 4.

Meanwhile, if you have any questions about Trump and his administration, or about this blog, please leave a comment and I'll respond as I am able. Thanks.

--Richard Brown

02 March 2017

President, but not presidential

In my first post here I said I believed that the outcome of the 2016 presidential election was wrong.

I don't mean the election itself was hacked, rigged or otherwise corrupted. Regardless of how one feels about the Electoral College, the system worked as it was meant to, and the office went to the candidate with the greatest number of electoral votes.

Not, however, to the winner of the popular vote. That was Hillary Clinton, 65,844,610 to
62,979,636, according to the Cook Political Report, a plurality of 2,864,974.

Of course that doesn't alter the results. Donald Trump is president, and yes, he is the president of all Americans, although lacking a popular mandate. That does not, however, mean that everyone owes him allegiance or respect, and certainly not obedience unless martial law is declared.

His supporters cheer Trump as a political outsider, which is a gross understatement. He is in fact, the least experienced, least qualified and least prepared person ever to be president. Only two other presidents had no political experience: Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight Eisenhower, and both had been high-ranking military officers with extensive leadership experience.

Trump's experience has been exclusively in business, where he could make deals and accomplish goals by bullying, outshouting or buying rivals. He is unaccustomed to seeking advice or counsel; the notion of compromise seems beyond his understanding; and he is intolerant and xenophobic.

In the announcement of his candidacy he insulted all Mexicans; he has vilified adherents of Islam, the world's second-largest religion; the Parliament of our close ally Great Britain has come near to disallowing Trump the honor of meeting the queen, and the Speaker of the House of Commons has said he will not be invited to address Parliament.

And yet this is our president. Your thoughts?

--Richard Brown 


01 March 2017

Introduction

Thank you for checking into my new blog. I hope there will be some interesting discussions and debates here, so I'll introduce myself so visitors can know what to expect.

My name is Richard Brown. I am retired from a career in higher education and also from a secondary career in journalism, as both a writer and a support person.

My primary reason for launching this blog is to bring to public attention, as much as I am able, the lies, doublespeak, obfuscation and misdirection that pass for policy in the Trump administration. I do not pretend to have a huge voice or a great audience. But great changes are made one mind at a time. If I can make some small changes I'll be content.

I am compelled to speak out to those who will hear, mindful of Edmund Burke's aphorism, "All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent."

I am philosophically a populist and constitutionalist, and politically a Democrat. I'm proud to be characterized a liberal, as all who believe in the rights of individuals and progressive policies should be.

So what does that make me? A bleeding heart? Absolutely, if that means I am deeply compassionate toward my fellow humans. A tree hugger (does anyone actually say that anymore)? Yes, if that means being concerned for the environment and the future of planet Earth. A Commie? Oh, please--I have been a card-carrying member of the ACLU, though.

I'm not a politician. I'm a foot soldier for the causes of truth and honesty in government, and have worked off and on for a variety of campaigns beginning with that of Eugene McCarthy.

I hope people with differing opinions will come here to join in discussion. You are welcome.
All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/e/edmundburk136431.html
All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/e/edmundburk136431.html

Rules

I hate to be tiresome, but I do have just a very few rules:

Civility: All points of view are welcome here, but posts containing vulgar or obscene language will be deleted.

Content: I will not respond to posts seeking to discuss or comment on previous presidents or administrations. They are the past, and this blog is about the United States and its government since January 20, 2017.

And that's all. Thanks.

--Richard Brown